Endocrine Abstracts

Oxidative stress (OS) can have an impact both in the pathogenesis and in the progression of TC, as it has been shown to induce oncogenes and inhibit tumor suppressors. The main source of cellular ROS is represented by NADPH oxidases (NOXs). Aims of the study were to investigate the NOX-derived OS in TC samples, benign nodules and corresponding normal tissues, and to correlate the level of OS with histological classification, genetic profile and clinical and prognostic features...

There are growing evidences suggesting the existence of intra-tumor heterogeneity within the same patient, leading to a different genetic pattern between primary tumour and metastases.We report a paradigmatic example of genetic heterogeneity in thyroid cancer (TC). A 42 years old female patient was submitted, for a follicular TC, to total thyroidectomy and lymphadenectomy followed by radioiodine residue ablation in late 1999. In 2000 and 2001 diagnostic ...

Background: Pregnancy does not cause differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) recurrence in patients without structural or biochemical evidence of disease at the time of conception. However, data regarding pregnancy’s impact in patients with persistent DTC before conception are still controversial.Aim: The aim of the study was to determine whether pregnancy could significantly influence the outcome in DTC patients in persistence before pregnancy, but wit...

The management of loco-regional metastases in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma is still debated. Current American Thyroid Association guidelines state that in this context the main goal is to differentiate between low-volume metastatic disease that will progress and that remaining stable over time.Aim of our study was to evaluate the behavior of suspicious or cytologically confirmed lymph node metastases, detected after initial treatment (i...

Radioiodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer can be effectively treated with multi-tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (mTKI). Due to their pleiotropic mechanism of action, these drugs may cause different side effects. Hypocalcaemia has been reported in up to 35% of patients treated with mTKI, but little is known about its pathophysiology and clinical relevance. We report the case of a 78 years old woman treated for a multifocal papillary thyroid cancer, infiltrating perithyroi...

Background: Fatigue is one of the most frequently reported adverse events in patients treated with multikinase inhibitors (MKIs). It is present in about 59% and 24% of patients treated with lenvatinib and vandetanib, respectively, associates with a decreased quality of life and often leads to treatment discontinuation. In 2018, for the first time, a correlation between fatigue and primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) was demonstrated in 12 patients treated with lenvatinib and v...

Objectives: Lenvatinib treatment is responsible for several adverse events (AEs). Hypocalcemia has been described in the registration study in 7% of patients, being of grade ≥3 in 2.7% of cases. No real-life studies are available, and the actual impact of this AE during Lenvatinib treatment is still unknown. Aim of our study is to evaluate the frequency of hypocalcemia in our series of patients treated with Lenvatinib and the possible predictors of this side effect.<...

In the last decades, multi-tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (mTKI) have emerged as an effective treatment for radioiodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer. Due to their pleiotropic mechanism of action, these drugs may cause different side effects. Hypocalcaemia has been reported in up to 35% of patients treated with mTKI, but up to date little is known about its pathophysiology and relevance. We report the case of a 78 years old woman operated on for a papillary thyroid canc...

Abstract: An individualized risk-based approach to the treatment of thyroid cancer is being extensively discussed in the recent literature, but controversies remain about the ideal surgical approach. In particular, if some data showed that properly selected thyroid cancer patients can be treated with lobectomy (LT) with excellent clinical outcomes, other results demonstrated an increased incidence of persistent recurrent disease in patients submitted to LT with respect to thos...

Abstract: During hormonogenesis, thyroid cells are physiologically exposed to high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which could either be involved in the pathogenesis of thyroid cancer or exert a cytotoxic effect. We analyzed the oxidative status of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) either directly, by measuring H2O2 generation by NADPH oxidases (NOXs), and indirectly, by evaluating the antioxidant activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), which neutr...